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ITS » Master Theses » Teknik Kes & Keselamatan Kerja Posted by eko at 08/01/2007 15:46:53 • 3335 Views
STUDI PENGARUH LAJU PENETRASI PENGEBORAN TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN SEMBURAN LIAR GAS DANGKAL
STUDY ON
THE EFFECT OF DRILLING PENETRATION RATE
ON THE BLOW OUT PREVENTION TN SHALLOW GAS WELLS
Created by :
Mudofir, Achmad ( )
| Keyword: | laju penetrasi pemboran density lumpur tekanan fluida formasi tekanan rekah formasi |
[ Description ]
Blowout atau semburan liar merupakan peristiwa kecelakaan yang berbahaya karena menyemburnya gas bumi yang tidak terkendali kepermukaan tanah saat pengeboran berlangsung. Upaya melakukan pencegahan terjadinya semburan liar gas dangkal selama ini adalah dengan cara memprediksi letak kedalaman lapisan gas dangkal untuk pedoman pengebor memulai bersikap waspada dan memprediksi tekanan lapisan untuk menentukan density lumpur yang dipergunakan. Tetapi cara ini masih belum efektif. Hal ini terbukti masih sering terjadi peristiwa semburan liar.
Penelitian ini menawarkan suatu metoda mencegah semburan liar gas dangkal dengan mengontrol density lumpur efektif yang terjadi diannulus saat sedang mengebor dengan cara mengendalikan laju penetrasi secara terus menerus. Pengendalian didasarkan pada perumusan bentuk matematis density lumpur yang terbentuk di annulus lubang bor. Kriteria pengendalian yang dipergunakan :
âââ¬Ã¢ Pengaruh penurunan tekanan dasar lubang bor jangan sampai lebih kecil dari
tekanan formasi akibat pengembangan gas yang keluar dari pori-pori serbuk
bor
âââ¬Ã¢ Kenaikan density lumpur nyata karena keberadaan serbuk bor yang dibawa
lumpur agar jangan sampai menyebabkan pecah formasi dibawah casing shoe
dan dapat menimbulkan semburan gas.
Dari perumusan yang didapat kemudian diwujudkan dalam bentuk software untuk keperluan kecepatan perhitungan di lapangan. Uji performasi software dengan data riil pengeboran Sumur X Kalimantan diketahui bahwa semburan gas dikedalaman 400 ft terjadi akibat laju penetrasi pengeboran pada saat itu rata-rata 74 ft/jam adalah melebihi laju penetrasi maksimum yang diijinkan yaitu 71,16 ft/jam. Sedangkan semburan liar saat mengebor zone dibawah zone gas adalah karena laju penetrasi saat itu rata-rata 120 ft jam, adalah lebih tinggi dari laju penetrasi maksimum yang diijinkan yaitu 105,31 ft/jam. Sehingga dengan adanya hasil penelitian berupa software ini diharapkan dapat dipergunakan di operasi pengeboran minyak dan gas bumi dilokasi darat yang memiliki potensi bahaya semburan gas dangkal
Alt. Description
Blowout is a dangerous event since it is an uncontrolled flow of natural gas to the surface during drilling operation. Up to now, the attempt to prevent shallow gas blowout is done by estimating the depth of the shallow gas layers which will give guidance to driller of when should he start to be alert, and estimating the formation pressure to determine the mud density should be used. However, this technique is not effective yet as evidenced by the frequent occurrence of blowout.
This research offers a method to prevent shallow gas blowout by controlling effective mud density in the annulus during drilling through controlling penetration rate continuously. The control is based on a mathematical formulation of drilling mud density change in the annulus. The control criteria used are:
■ The bottom hole pressure decrease caused by the expansion of gas bubbling out
from the formation pores should not be lower than the formation pressure.
■ The increase in actual mud density caused by cuttings carried by the mud
should not be high enough to cause fracture of formation below the casing shoe
which may generate gas blowout.
The formula obtained is then transferred into a software package to enhance calculation speed in the field The software performance test using real drilling data of well X, Kalimantan, showed that the gas blowout from 400 ft deep was caused by the average drilling penetration rate of 74 ft/hour, which was higher than the maximum allowable penetration rate of 71.16 ft/hour. While the blowout occurred during drilling the zone below the gas zone was caused by the average penetration rate of 120 ft/hour, which was higher than the maximum allowable penetration rate of 105.31 ft/hour. This research based software is hopefully can be used in onshore oil and gas drilling which has potential of shallow gas blowout.
| Contributor | : |
- Dr. Ir. Agus Sigit Pramono, DEA
| | Date Create | : | 08/01/2007 | | Type | : | Text | | Format | : | Pdf; 152 pages | | Language | : | Indonesian | | Identifier | : | ITS-Master-3100006026089 | | Collection ID | : | 3100006026089 | | Call Number | : | 622.24 Mud s-1 |
Source : Theses Employment Engineering RTM 622.24 Mud s-1, 2005
Coverage : ITS Community
Rights : Copyright @2005 by ITS Library. This publication is protected by copyright and permission should be obtained from the ITS Library prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrievel system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to ITS Library
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