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ITS » Master Theses » Geoteknik S2 Posted by yeni at 22/05/2009 10:11:58 • 4247 Views
KORELASI ANTARA GRADASI MATERIAL TIMBUNAN REKLAMASI DENGAN KEPADATAN DAN KUAT GESER TANAH
CORRELATION BETWEEN MATERIAL GRADATION OF RECLAMATION EMBANKMENT WITH DENSITY AND SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL
Created by :
Prihatin, Kukuh
| Subject: | Tanah(Teknologi)
| | Keyword: | gradasi timbunan reklamasi kepadatan kuat geser tanah
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Description:
Pengembangan lahan dengan cara penimbunan reklamasi memerlukan material yang harus memenuhi persyaratan gradasi butiran berupa kerikil maksimum 30%, pasir minimum 50% dan lanau-lempung maksimum 20%, disamping persyaratan kepadatan timbunan. Pihak pelaksana lapangan, umumnya ingin mengetahui secara cepat dan mudah dari material yang tiba di lapangan, hanya dengan pengujian ayakan langsung dapat ditentukan derajat kepadatannya tanpa harus melakukan uji kepadatan. Selain itu adanya kesulitan dalam menentukan tingkat kepadatan tanah timbunan reklamasi sebagai akibat adanya perubahan gradasi tanah timbunan yang tiba di lapangan didominasi lanau-lempung. Perubahan kadar air juga sangat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas kepadatan, akibat adanya musim penghujan dan pasang surut air. Posisi muka air juga mempengaruhi kondisi tanah timbunan menjadi jenuh dan tidak jenuh. Semua permasalahan ini akan mempengaruhi daya dukung tanah timbunan reklamasi yang terlihat dari kuat geser tanah yaitu sudut geser dalam efektif (φ') dan kohesi efektif (C’) tanah.
Penelitian melalui uji laboratorium untuk mempelajari korelasi antara gradasi material timbunan reklamasi dengan kepadatan dan kuat geser tanah ini menggunakan material timbunan yang diambil dari quarry sungai, pantai dan bukit dengan persyaratan lanau-lempung maksimum 20% dan pasir minimal 80%, dengan material kerikil terwakili oleh pasir. Material timbunan tersebut dilakukan analisa ayakan dan hidrometer. Dari hasil ayakan tersebut dibuat grafik gradasi berdasarkan metode USCS untuk menentukan Cu (koefisien keseragaman) dan Cc (koefisien curvature). Langkah selanjutnya pemadatan Modified Proctor dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 50 sampel (10 lokasi x 5 sampel/lokasi). Tahap akhir adalah pengujian kuat geser tanah dengan uji Direct Shear sebanyak 60 sampel (10 lokasi x 3 sampel/lokasi x 2 sampel kondisi jenuh-tidak jenuh) dengan kadar air kondisi jenuh (pada garis Zero Air Void) dan tidak jenuh (pada kadar air optimum, wopt) yang ditentukan dari grafik pemadatan, untuk memperoleh kohesi dan sudut geser dalamnya.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar Cc/Cu (tanah semakin homogen) maka semakin kecil berat volume kering maksimum, γdmax (γdmax = -0,808.Cc/Cu + 2,061) dan semakin besar wopt (wopt = 7,512.Cc/Cu + 9,492) dan sebaliknya. Sedangkan semakin besar nilai Cc/Cu maka semakin kecil nilai kohesi efektif (C’) dan sudut geser dalam efektif (φ'). Kondisi tidak jenuh menunjukkan nilai yang lebih besar (C’ = -0,088.Cc/Cu + 0,087 dan φ' = -29,886.Cc/Cu + 53,309) dibandingkan pada kondisi jenuh (C’ = -0,057.Cc/Cu + 0,072 dan φ' = -33,052.Cc/Cu + 48,761) pada nilai Cc/Cu yang sama. Persamaan antar parameter ini hanya valid digunakan untuk material timbunan reklamasi dengan komposisi pasir minimal 80% dan lanau-lempung maksimal 20% serta batas Cu adalah 1 ≤ Cu ≤ 50.
Alt. Description
Land development with reclamation embankment requires material that has to fulfill prerequisite of granule gradation in the form of 30% maximum gravel, 50% minimum sand, and 20% maximum silt-clay; and another prerequisite is embankment compaction. The reclamation implementer on site that is generally want to know the embankment material fast and easily is only by testing the sieve directly. It can be determined the density level of reclamation embankment soil as a result of the embankment soil gradation change in site which is dominated with silt-clay. The change of water content is also influential toward density quality, it is a result of rainy season and neap-tide.. The position of water surface also influences embankment soil condition to become saturated and unsaturated soil. All of this problems will influence carrying capacity of reclamation embankment soil indicated from soil shear strength, that is effective internal friction angle ( φ' ) and effective cohesion ( C’ ) of soil.
This research is carried out by means of laboratory test for studying correlation between material gradation of reclamation embankment with density and shear strength of soil. The test is conducted with the following steps : This test uses embankment material picked up from river , coastal and hill quarry with prerequisites such as 20% maximum silt-clay and 80% minimum sand, with gravel material represented by sand. In the embankment material, it is conducted the sieve and hydrometer analysis. From the sieve result, it is made gradation graph based on USCS method for determining Cu ( uniform coefficient )and Cc ( curvature coefficient ). The next step is compaction of Modified Proctor with 50 total samples ( 10 locations x 5 samples/locations ). The last step is test of soil shear strength with 60 samples of Direct Shear Test ( 10 locations x 3 samples/locations x 2 samples of saturated-unsaturated initial condition ) with water content of initial saturated condition ( at Zero Air Void Line ) and unsaturated initial condition ( at optimum water content, wopt) that are determined from compaction graph, for obtaining effective cohesion and the angle of effective internal friction.
The result of this research indicates that the greater Cc/Cu ( the more homogenous soil ) ,the less maximum dry density, γdmax ( γdmax = -0,808.Cc/Cu + 2,061 ) and the greater wopt (wopt = 7,512.Cc/Cu + 9,492) and on the reverse. Whereas the larger the value of Cc/Cu , the less value of effective cohesion (C’) and the angle of effective internal friction (φ'). Unsaturated condition shows the more value (C’ = -0.088.Cc/0.087 and φ' = - 29.886.Cc/Cu + 48.761) compared with saturated condition (C’ = -0,057.Cc/Cu + 0,072 dan φ' = -33,052.Cc/Cu + 48,761) at the same Cc/Cu value. The equation between parameters is valid whenever it is used for reclamation embankment material with 80% minimum sand and 20% maximum silt-clay compositions and 1≤ Cu ≤ 50.
| Contributor | : |
- Prof. Dr. Ir. Herman Wahyudi
| | Date Create | : | 22/05/2009 | | Type | : | Text | | Format | : | pdf. | | Language | : | Indonesian | | Identifier | : | ITS-Master-3100009034311 | | Collection ID | : | 3100009034311 | | Call Number | : | RTS 624.151 363 Pri k |
Source : Master Theses, CIVIL ENGINEERING ,RTS 624.151 363 Pri k, 2008
Coverage : ITS Community only
Rights : Copyright @2008 by ITS Library. This publication is protected by copyright and permission should be obtained from the ITS Library prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrievel system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to ITS Library
Publication URL : http://digilib.its.ac.id/korelasi-antara-gradasi-material-timbunan-reklamasi-dengan-kepadatan-dan-kuat-geser-tanah-4192.html
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