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ITS » Master Theses » Kimia - S2 Posted by zamrud@its.ac.id at 17/03/2012 10:41:00 • 332 Views
KORELASI KARAKTER GEOKIMIA ORGANIK BATUBARA MEDIUM RANK KALIMANTAN TIMUR DENGAN PRODUK PENCAIRANNYACorrelation of Organic Geochemistry Characters and Liquefaction Product of Medium Rank Coal From East Kalimantan Created by :
Najamuddin, Muhammad ( 1409201002 )
| Subject: | Batu Bara | | Alt. Subject : | Coal | | Keyword: | korelasi batubara biomarka produk pencairan bahan bakar |
Description:
Karakter batubara medium rank Kalimantan Timur berdasarkan tinjauan geokimia organik menunjukkan bahwa batubara tersebut tergolong batubara dengan kematangan termal dan kalori rendah (5322 kal/g). Batubara ini telah dicairkan pada suhu 450⁰C selama 60 menit dengan tekanan 7 MPa untuk memperoleh slurry batubara. Produk slurry batubara selanjutnya difraksinasi berdasarkan perbedaan titik didih menggunakan alat distilasi vakum pada tekanan 10 mmHg untuk menghasilkan fraksi-fraksi light oil (light naphtha dan heavy naphtha), middle oil, heavy oil dan coal liquid bottom (CLB). Senyawa hidrokarbon fraksi light naphtha dikarakterisasi langsung menggunakan Kromatografi Gas-Spektrofotometer Massa (KG-SM) dan menunjukkan keberadaan komponen n-alkana (C4–C14), alkana bercabang (C6-C10), sikloheksana, alkilsikloalkana (C6-C11), alkil benzena (C7-C9), dimetil alkil benzena (C9-C12). Sedangkan fraksi middle oil dipisahkan kembali berdasarkan perbedaan kepolarannya kedalam fraksi alifatik, fraksi aromatik dan fraksi polar yang mengandung atom N, S dan O menggunakan metode kromatografi kolom. Fraksi alifatik dan fraksi aromatik selanjutnya dikarakterisasi menggunakan Kromatografi Gas-Spektrofotometer Massa (KG-SM). Hasil karakterisasi fraksi alifatik diperoleh komponen senyawa n-alkana (C12–C24), turunan naftalena (C10-C14), isomer-isomer dimetil biphenil dan turunan fenantrena (C14-C16), sedangkan senyawa dari fraksi aromatik teridentifikasi sebagai turunan naftalena (C10-C14), isomer-isomer dimetil biphenil, turunan fenantrena (C14-C16), kadalena, turunan dan flourena (C13-C14). Senyawa-senyawa yang teridentifikasi diperkirakan berasal dari perengkahan panas (thermocracking) komponen senyawa batubara medium rank Kalimantan Timur yang telah digambarkan sebelumnya berdasarkan karakter biomarkanya. Fraksi terbesar dalam proses pencairan ini adalah fraksi light oil yang merupakan fraksi senyawa penyusun bahan bakar bensin dan jet. Pencairan batubara yang berasal dari masukan bahan organik tumbuhan tinggi daratan yang terpendam pada lingkungan anoksik akan menghasilkan dominasi kelompok senyawa fraksi naphtha yang sesuai diformulasikan untuk bahan bakar bensin dan jet dibandingkan fraksi senyawa untuk formulasi solar dan bahan bakar minyak.
Alt. Description
The characters of medium rank coal from East Kalimantan in the organic geochemistry basignate view point are known that having geochemically immature coal and low calory (5322 kal/g). This coal has liquefied at a temperature of 450⁰C for 60 minutes under pressure 7 MPa to obtain the slurry product. The slurry product is further fractionated based on the differences in boiling points using a vacuum distillation apparatus at 10 mmHg pressure produces light oil (light naphtha dan heavy naphtha), medium oil, heavy oil and coal liquid bottom (CLB) fractions. Light naphtha fractions of hydrocarbon compounds is characterized directly using a gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS) apparatus and show that n-alkane (C4–C12), branch alkane (C6-C10), cyclohexane, alkyl cycloalkane (C6-C11), alkyl benzene (C7-C9) and dimethyl alkyl benzene (C9-C12). The medium oil fractions are further refractionated based on the differences in polarity into aliphatic, aromatic and polar fractions which containing the atoms of N, S and O by column chromatography method. The aliphatic and aromatic fractions are further characterized using a gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS) apparatus. The results of the characterization of aliphatic fraction obtained n-alkane (C12–C24), naphtalene derivatives (C10-C14), isomers of dimethyl biphenyl and phenantrene derivatives (C14-C16) components, while the aromatic fraction has identified as naphtalene derivatives (C10-C14), cadalene, isomers of dimethyl biphenyl, phenantrene derivatives (C14-C16), and fluorene derivatives (C13-C14) components. The compounds identified are probably thought to origin from thermocracking components of the medium rank coal from East Kalimantan, which has been described previously based on the biomarker characters. The biggest factions in this liquefaction process are the light oil fractions which is the fraction of constituent gasoline and jet compounds. The liquefied of coal that the origin of organic materials input from terrestrial higher plant with deposition of anoxic environments would be produces the major of compounds naphtha fraction which is the more compatible for gasoline formula than the compounds fraction for diesel formula and oil fuel too.
| Contributor | : |
- Prof.Dr.R.Y.Perry Burhan, M.Sc.
| | Date Create | : | 03/08/2011 | | Type | : | Text | | Format | : | p | | Language | : | Indonesian | | Identifier | : | ITS-Master-3100012045937 | | Collection ID | : | 3100012045937 | | Call Number | : | RTI 547.82 Naj k |
Source : Theses Industrial Engineering, RTI 547.82 Naj k, 2011
Coverage : ITS Community
Rights : Copyright @2011 by ITS Library. This publication is protected by copyright and per obtained from the ITS Library prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a re transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, reco For information regarding permission(s), write to ITS Library
Publication URL : http://digilib.its.ac.id/korelasi-karakter-geokimia-organik-batubara-medium-rank-kalimantan-timur-dengan-produk-pencairannya-18218.html
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