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ITS » Non Degree » Teknik Permesinan Kapal Posted by dee@its.ac.id at 04/11/2013 14:33:31 • 1318 Views
HEAT EXCHANGER PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS ON MAIN ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM OF FIREBOAT WISNU I
Case Study on Main Engine Speed 600-1200 rpm
Author : KUSUMA, NURHADI GINANJAR ( 6308030036 )
ABSTRAK
Fireboat Wisnu I adalah salah satu kapal pemadam kebakaran milik PT.
Pertamina yang dikelola Unit Pemasaran V. Kapal ini disiagakan 24 jam untuk
menjamin keselamatan aktifitas pendistribusian Bahan Bakar Minyak BBM di
dermaga pelabuhan. Kapal ini menggunakan mesin buatan Mitshubhisi 480HP
dilengkapi dengan sistem pendinginan water jacket terintegrasi dengan sistem
heat exchanger HE yang memanfaatan air laut sebagai pendingin. HE yang
digunakan pada sistem kapal ini adalah jenis shell and tube dan sudah beropersi
sejak tahun 1978. Umumnya HE jenis ini menerapkan aliran counter flowsuntuk
memaksimalkan kalor yang dipindahkan dengan asumsi perbedaan temperatur
konstan. Pemanfaatan air laut sebagai pendingin pada teknologi HE ini
diharapkan dapat mengkondisikan air tawar untuk sistem water jacket pada
temperatur optimal.
Kondisi ambient air tawar untuk water jacket sistem 320C. Sistem water
jacket pada mesin tersebut dilengkapi dengan thermostat yang bekerja pada
temperatur 500C walaupun mesin ini akan bekerja otomatis off pada kondisi
temperatur air tersebut 85oC. Sebagai konskuensi teknologi HE ini diharapkan
mampu bekerja untuk mengkondisikan air tawar water jacket pada temperatur
mendekati kondisi semula dengan memanfaatkan air laut sebagai fluida kerja.
Berdasarkan pengamatan operasional mesin kapal temperatur air tawar
keluar HE pada kondisi putaran tertentu mencapai terendah 3428oC dicapai pada
kondisi putaran paling rendah 600rpm sedangkan temperatur tertinggi 4375 oC
dicapai pada putaran tertinggi 1200rpm. Perpindahan kalor yang terjadi untuk
kondisi putaran rendah 600-700rpm rata-rata mencapai 1.045.438 kJ putaran
sedang 800-1000rpm rata-rata 3.725.644 kJ dan putaran tinggi 1100-1200rpm
rata-rata mencapai 7.576.860 kJ selama 15 menit. Ditinjau dari SFOC mesin
engine ini kondisi optimal pemanfaatan bahan-bakar terjadi pada putaran 1200-
1400 sementara mesin hanya dioperasikan pada maksimum putaran 1200rpm.
Pada putaran ini HE mampu berkerja dengan kapasitas pemindahan kalor
33.748.147 kJjam dengan pencapaian temperatur air tawar 4375oC. Berdasarkan
simulasi data dengan menggunakan program HTRI ditunjukkan bahwa
temperatur air tawar keluar dari HE sebesar 4200 5733 dan 7282oC yang
dikondisikan pada putaran rendah sedang dan tinggi.
ABSTRACT
Fireboat Wisnu I is one of PT. Pertaminas fireboat wich is managed by
Marketing Unit V. This ship is prepare for 24 hours operation to ensure the safety
of fuel oil distribution in the harbour area. This ship uses Mishubhisi diesel
engine 480HP is equipped with water jacket cooling system which integrated
with a heat exchanger HE system that uses seawater as a coolant. This HE is
shell and tube type that has been operating since 1978. Generally this type of HE
is applied by countering flows of fluis in order to maximize the heat transferred
based to the assumption of a constant temperature difference. Seawater as a
coolant in HE technology is expected to be recondition the fresh water
temperature of the water jacket system optimally.
The ambient temperature of fresh water in water tank is 320C. The water
jacket system in main engine is equipped with a thermostat that works at 500C to
open the valve in proposing the water flow into HE meanwhile this machine will
be off automatically when the water temperature is 850C. The HE is expected to
be able to work to recondition the temperature of fresh water at original state
almost to 320C by using sea water as the working fluid.
Based on main engine operational observation the temperature of fresh
water out from HE reaches to the lowest at 34280C. This temperatur is achieved
at the lowest speed at the high speed the temperature achivement of the fresh
water is 43750C. In the various speed operation the heat transfer at the low
speed 600-700rpm could be calculated in average is 1.045.438 kJ the medium
speed 800-1000rpm in average 3.725.644 kJ and the high speed 1100-
1200rpm in average 7.576.860 kJ for each 15 minutes operation. Based from
SFOC of engine optimal consumption occurred at the three condition speed
1200 1300 and 1400rpm. Meanwhile this engine is operated only at 1200rpm as
maximum speed. In this speed HE is able to work with heat transfer capacity of
33.748.147 kJh for the meantime with the fresh water temperature achieves
43750C. Based on the simulation by HTRI software indicated the temperature of
fresh water out from HE is 4200 5733 and 72820C which is conditioned on
low medium and high speed.
Keywords:
water jacket; heat transfer; heat exchanger; shell and tubel;
counter flow; temperature; joule; SFOC; HTRI.
Subject
: Mesin Pendingin
Contributor
Ir. Ratna Budiawati, MA
Date Create
: 10/08/2011
Type
: Text
Format
: pdf
Language
: Indonesian
Identifier
: ITS-NonDegree-63002130000483
Collection ID
: 63002130000483
Call Number
: 621.56 Kus a
Source Non Degree of Marine Engineering, 621.56 Kus a, 2013
Coverage ITS Community
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