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ITS » Undergraduate Theses » Teknik Mesin
Posted by dee@its.ac.id at 30/01/2012 17:48:25  •  27 Views

STUDI EKSPERIMEN DAN NUMERIK KARAKTERISTIK BOUNDARY LAYER TURBULEN DI DALAM ASYMMETRIC 3D FLAT-WALLED DIFFUSER 20 STUDI KASUS UNTUK BILANGAN REYNOLDS REW1 = 5,85 X 10E4 DAN REW1 = 10,5 X 10E4

EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDIES TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER CHARACTERISTICS IN ASYMMETRIC 3D FLAT-WALLED DIFFUSER 20O Case studies for Reynolds number, ReW1 = 5,85 x 10e4 and ReW1 = 10,5 x 10e4

Created by :
KURNIAWATI, WINDY ( 2107100040 )



SubjectDinamika zat cair
Alt. Subject Turbullent boundary layer Fluid dynmics
KeywordAsymmetric flat-walled diffuser
Flow separation
Pressure recovery coefficient
Wall shear stress
Numerical method

[ Description ]

Diffuser merupakan salah satu komponen teknik yang berfungsi untuk meningkatkan tekanan aliran fluida dengan cara memperlambat kecepatan aliran. Performa diffuser dapat ditunjukkan dengan nilai pressure recovery coefficient fluida yang mengalir di dalamnya. Adanya peningkatan tekanan di dalam diffuser menghasilkan adverse pressure gradient yang menghambat aliran sehingga boundary layer berkembang dengan cepat. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan terjadinya separasi pada aliran sehingga membuat pressure recovery coefficient diffuser (Cpr) menjadi rendah. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan pressure recovery diffuser adalah dengan melakukan modifikasi konstruksi diffuser. Banyak penelitian yang telah dilakukan terkait dengan perkembangan boundary layer turbulen di dalam diffuser. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan boundary layer di dalam asymmetric flat-walled diffuser 20o. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimen dan numerik untuk mengetahui karakteristik boundary layer turbulen di dalam asymmetric flat-walled diffuser. Bilangan Reynolds yang digunakan berdasarkan tinggi inlet diffuser dan nilai kecepatan maksimum di sisi upstream diffuser adalah 5,85 x 104 dan 10,5 x 104. Test section pada penelitian adalah asymetric flat-walled diffuser dengan sudut divergensi (θ) = 20, tinggi inlet (W1) = 50 mm, lebar span (b) = 100 mm, slenderness (L/W1) = 10. Pada penelitian eksperimen dilakukan pengambilan data tekanan stagnasi dengan stagnation pressure tube pada beberapa cross section dengan jarak antar gap x/L1 = 0,2. Tekanan statis diukur dengan wall pressure tap yang ditempatkan pada dinding bawah diffuser mulai dari diffuser inlet (x/L1 = 0) sampai diffuser outlet (x/L1 = 1) dengan jarak antar tap sebesar 5 mm). Penelitian ini juga mengggunakan metode numerik 3D dengan bantuan software gambit 2.4.6 dan software fluent 6.3.26. Software gambit digunakan untuk membuat geometri dengan ukuran yang sama dari geometry test section eksperimen, dan sofware fluent digunakan untuk mensimulasikan aliran yang melintasi asymmetric flat-walled diffuser 20o dengan parameter temperatur sebesar 33oC yang sesuai dengan parameter temperatur kondisi kerja eksperimen. Pemodelan tubulensi yang digunakan adalah turbulence modeling SST k-ω. Selanjutnya dilakukan perbandingan antara hasil eksperimen dengan hasil numerik berupa distribusi profil kecepatan, distribusi coefficient pressure (Cp), dan distribusi skin friction coefficient (Cf). Pada penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa peningkatan bilangan Reynolds sebesar 79,5% hanya mampu menunda separasi sebesar 2,2% dari panjang diffuser. Dengan kata lain penambahan bilangan Reynolds ini tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penundaan separasi. Hal ini diakibatkan oleh pengaruh adverse pressure gradient yang sangat kuat di dalam konstruksi asymmetric flat-walled diffuser 20. Terjadinya adverse pressure gradient yang kuat ini juga memperburuk performa dari asymmetric flat walled diffuser 20, yaitu menghasilkan nilai pressure recovery coefficient (Cpr) yang rendah.


Alt. Description

Diffuser is one of the engineering components that has function to increase the fluid flow pressure by slowing the flow velocity. Diffuser performance can be expressed as the pressure recovery coefficient. The pressure increase results in adverse pressure gradient that retards the near wall flow more significantly. As a consequence the boundary layer grows more rapidly than usual and at some cases the flow separation will occur. Those phenomena make diffuser performance decreases. One way to increase the pressure recovery coefficient is modified construction of the diffuser. Many researches have been conducted related to the development of turbulent boundary layers in the diffuser. This study aims to determine the development of boundary layer in asymmetric flat-walled 20o diffuser. The study was carried out an experimentally and numerically to determine the turbulent boundary layer characteristics in the asymmetric flat-walled diffuser. Reynolds number used were based on the height of diffuser inlet and the value of the maximum velocity at the upstream side of the diffuser is 5,85 x 104 and 10,5 x 104. The test section of this study were flat-walled asymmetric diffuser with a divergence angle (θ) = 20, inlet height (W1) = 50 mm, width of span (b) = 100 mm, slenderness (L/W1) = 10. In the experimental studies, the stagnation pressure obtained using the stagnation pressure tube on some cross sections with of gap x/L1 = 0.2. The static pressure was measured with a wall pressure tap placed on the lower wall of diffuser that was placed from the diffuser inlet (x/L1 = 0) to the diffuser outlet (x/L1 = 1) with tap spacing of 5 mm. This sudy is also using 3D numerical method with gambit 2.4.6 sofware and fluent 6.3.26 software. Gambit software is used to generate geometry with same size of the experimental test section geometry. Moreover, fluent software is used to simulate the flow inside the diffuser with the temperature similar to the experimental work. Turbulence model in this study is SST k-ω. Furthermore, the experimental results are compared with numerical results be in the form of velocity profile, coefficient of pressure, and coefficient of friction. In this study it is found that the increase in the Reynolds number of 79.5% delays the separation location of 2.2% of the length of the diffuser. It can be concluded that the increase in Reynolds number has no significant effect on delay of separation point. The occurrence of strong adverse pressure gradient worsens the performance of flat walled asymmetric diffuser 20, where the obtained value of pressure recovery coefficient (CPR) is low.

Contributor:
  1. Prof. Ir. Sutardi, M.Eng., Ph.D.
Date Create:04/08/2011
Type:Text
Format:pdf
Language:Indonesian
Identifier:ITS-Undergraduate-3100012045632
Collection ID:3100012045632
Call Number:RSM 620.106 4 Kur s


Source :
Undergraduate Thesis of Mechanical Engineering, RSM 620.106 4 Kur s, 2012

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