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ITS » Master Theses » Teknik Perencanaan Bangunan Laut - S2 Posted by anis at 09/01/2007 14:32:09 • 30396 Views
OPTIMASI UKURAN LUBANG PALKAH PADA KAPAL BARANG UMUM
THE HATCHWAY OPTIMIZATION OF THE GENERAL CARGO VESSELCreated by :
Widodo, Slamet
| Subject: | Model kapal | | Keyword: | Objective function variabel bebas konstraint tegangan lebar lubang palkah panjang lubang palkah cargo space waktu bongkar muat. |
Description:
Manfaat dari adanya lubang palkah adalah untuk memperlancar proses bongkar muat dari dan ke kapal. Ukuran lubang yang besar akan dapat mempercepat proses bongkar muat, akan tetapi akan membutuhkan konstruksi geladak yang kuat. Perencanaan kapal yang baik adalah bila berat konstruksi geladak dapat ditekan sehingga akan dapat menambah daya muat. Pengurangan berat konstruksi dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan faktor kekuatan.
Pada kapal barang umum, ukuran lebar lubang palkah Bp diambil > 0,6 lebar kapal Be. Belum ada ketentuan pasti berapa seharusnya harga Bp tersebut. Ukuran lubang palkah sangat besar pengaruhnya didalam perencanaan konstruksi geladak. Tinggi web dari girder, cantilever dan hatchway ikut berperan didalam menentukan kecepatan bongkar muat dan juga kemampuan angkut dari volume ruang muat. Optimasi ukuran lubang palkah bertujuan mendapatkan konstruksi geladak yang ringan, waktu bongkar muat yang cepat dan volume ruang muat yang maksimal. ,
Pemecahan masalah optimasi menggunakan program Solver yang ada di Excel 2000. Perhitungan kekuatan dilakukan menggunakan metode elemen hingga. Sistim pemuatan dilakukan dalam bentuk karung. Iterasi dilakukan berulang kali sampai diperoleh hasil dengan tingkat presisi, toleransi dan covergensi sekecil mungkin. Optimasi menggunakan model Quadratic, derivatip dilakukan secara sentral dan search dipilih yang konjugit.
Model optimasi dilakukan terhadap kapal dengan lebar Be sama , panjang ruang palkah Lc berbeda. Hasil akhir menunjukkan bahwa bila panjang palkah Lc makin besar, lebar lubang palkah Bp cenderung mengecil sebaliknya panjang lubang palkah Lp makin panjang.
Alt. Description
The use of hatchways is to smoothen the process of cargo handling. The speed of unloading is influenced by width and length of the hatchways. The dimension of the deck construction depends on load of weather deck, bending by hogging and the size of hatchway.
The speed of cargo handling , volume of cargo space is caused by the web of beams and hatchway. The weigher of deck construction will need a smaller DWT. The breadth of hatchway Bp usually take > 0,6 breadth of ship Be. There are no regulation about the fixed dimension of hatchway. The opening of decks caused a kinds of the deck constructions. The web of deckgirder, cantilever and hatchgirder could estimate the speed of cargo handling, volume of cargo space.
The optimization of this project is to minimize the price between the construction cost, cargo handling cost and price of cargo space. The strength calculated by the finite element method. The cargoes are in bags system. The SOLVER of Excell 2000 will help us to get the solution of the optimization. We need more iterations to get the solution. Each time we use solver , we must arrange the smallest precision, tolerance and covergence. We use the quadratic on the modelling, central on the derivative and search by conjugate.
For the vessels with the breadth Be = 16,5 m we try to get the solution for any various of length Lc . The first Lc = 18,5 m and then 22,1 m ; 26,0 m ; 30,0 m. The conclusion is for longer Lc , the breadth Bp become < Bp then before , the length Lp become > Lp then before.
| Contributor | : |
- Ir. P. Eko Panunggal Ph.D
Ir. Daniel M. Rosyid Ph.D
| | Date Create | : | 09/01/2007 | | Type | : | Text | | Format | : | pdf ; 37 pages | | Language | : | Indonesian | | Identifier | : | ITS-Master-3100001012447 | | Collection ID | : | 3100001012447 | | Call Number | : | 623.824 5 Wid |
Source : Theses Teknik Perencanaan Bangunan Laut RT 623.824 5 Wid o, 2000
Coverage : ITS community
Rights : Copyright @2000 by ITS Library. This publication is protected by copyright and permission should be obtained from the ITS Library prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrievel system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to ITS Library.
Publication URL : http://digilib.its.ac.id/optimasi-ukuran-lubang-palkah-pada-kapal-barang-umum-1045.html
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