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ITS » Undergraduate Theses » Teknik Kimia D3 Posted by 070517802 at 31/07/2008 12:53:23 • 20112 Views
PABRIK BIODESEL DARI CRUDE PALM OIL
(CPO) DENGAN PROSES TRANSESTERIFIKASIBIODIESEL PLANT FROM CRUDE PALM OIL
(CPO) WITH TRANSESTERIFICATION PROCESSCreated by :
MUSTHOFA, IHSAN
| Subject: | Bahan bakar diesel
| | Keyword: | -- |
Description:
Biodiesel ini merupakan bahan bakar alternatf yang
bersifat renewable dan dimanfaatkan sebagai pengganti bahan
bakar fosil. Bahan bakar ini dapat dibuat dari crude palm oil
(CPO) melalui proses transesterifikasi.
Dalam proses pembuatan biodiesel ini meliputi tiga
tahap,tahap pertama adalah degumming untuk memisahkan gum
yang berupa phospatida dengan tambahan H3PO4 0,85%, dari
tangki ini dialirkan ke centrifuge untuk memisahkan minyak
dengan gum dan netralisasi dengan ditambahkan dengan
larutan NaOH 11,06 wt% untuk menghilangkan kandungan FFAnya.
Lalu minyak dipompa masuk ke dalam centrifuge untuk
menghilangkan glycerine dan sabun yang terbentuk. Sebelum ke
tahap selanjutnya, minyak dimasukkan vacuum dryer untuk
memisahkan minyak dari air yang masih terikut di dalamnya,
kemudian minyak dilewatkan ke cooler untuk menurunkan suhu
minyak. Tahap kedua adalah proses transesterifikasi untuk
mereaksikan triglyceride dalam minyak dengan methanol
membentuk methyl esther (biodiesel) dan glycerine. Reactor
transesterifikasi terdiri 2 unit dan minyak yang keluar dari
reactor tersebut masing-masing dilewatkan melalui decanter.
Tahap terakhir adalah refinery (pemurnian) pada tahap ini,
minyak dibawa ke perangkat wash water coloumn dan
dilewatkan dalam decanter sekali lagi untuk lebih meningkatkan
tingkat kemurnian biodiesel produk. Dan sebelum ditampung,
kadungan air pada methyl ester dihilangkan dengan vacuum
dryer. Terakhir, produk biodiesel yang telah terbentuk
selanjutnya disimpan dalam tangki penyimpanan.
Dalam pabrik biodiesel ini direncanakan beroperasi
secara semi continue selama 24 jam/ hari dan 330 hari operasi/
tahun untuk memproduksi biodiesel 16500 ton/ tahun,
memerlukan bahan baku CPO sebanyak 64500 kg/ hari. Bahan
pembantu methanol : 23363,73 kg/ hari, NaOH :422.32 kg/hari,
H3PO4 : 116,10 kg/hari, katalis NaOCH3 : 5529,3 kg/ hari.
Alt. Description
Biodiesel is alternative fuel having the character of
renewable and exploited in the place of fossil fuel. This fuel can
be made of Crude Palm Oil through transesterification process.
The biodiesel process are contain of three steps , first
step is degumming in order to dissociate gum which in the form
of phospatida with addition H3PO4 0,85%, from this tank poured
into centrifuge to dissociate oil with gum and neutralization with
added NaOH 11,06 wt% to eliminate the FFA content. Then oil is
pumped to comes into centrifuge to eliminate glycerine and soap
formed. Before continue to next process, water which contained
by oil, is vaporated using vacuum dreyer and then oil is
overcome to cooler to reduce oil temperature. The second step is
transesterification process to react triglyceride in oil with
methanol forms methyl esther ( biodiesel) and glycerine. This
transesterification reactor have 2 reactor unit and oil from the
reactor is each is overcome through decanter. The last step oil is
refinery with washing the methyl ester with warm mater in wash
water coloumn and overcome in decanter again to be more
increases level of perity of biodiesel product then to flash drum.
Last, product biodiesel which has been formed hereinafter is kept
storage in the tank.
In this biodiesel factory planned operates in batch
during 24 hour/ day and 330 days operation/ year. To produce
biodiesel 16500 ton/ year, requires CPO : 64500 kg/ day.
Indirect material methanol : 23363,73 kg/ day, NaOH :422.32
kg/day H3PO4: 116,10 kg/hour , NaOCH3 catalyst :
5529,3996,611 kg/ day.
| Contributor | : |
- Ir. Ignatius Gunardi, M.T
| | Date Create | : | 31/07/2008 | | Type | : | Text | | Format | : | pdf | | Language | : | Indonesian | | Identifier | : | ITS-Undergraduate-RSK 662.88 Mus p | | Collection ID | : | RSK 662.88 Mus p | | Call Number | : | RSK 662.88 Mus p |
Source : Undegraduate Theses, chemical Engineering, RSK 662.88 Mus p, 2007.
Coverage : ITS Community Only
Rights : Copyright @2007 by ITS Library. This publication is protected by copyright and permission should be obtained from the ITS Library prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrievel system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to ITS Library
Publication URL : http://digilib.its.ac.id/pabrik-biodesel-dari-crude-palm-oilcpo-dengan-proses-transesterifikasi-1897.html
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